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International Regional Science Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1-42 (1984)
DOI: 10.1177/016001768400900101

Agglomeration and Central Place Theory: A Review of the Literature

Gordon F. Mulligan

Department of Geography and Regional Development, the University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA

This paper reviews and evaluates the analytical literature on the interdependencies of agglomeration and central place theory. It is emphasized that economic agents (firms, households) tend to cluster at points of differential centrality on the economic landscape, and that this clustering process can provide even further savings to both producers and consumers. The agglomeration phenomenon is examined at three scales: (1) firm-level analysis focuses on uncertainty, shopping behavior, and spatial equilibria of the economy; (2) settlement-level analysis focuses on static and dynamic city-size models; and (3) system-level analysis focuses on city-size distributions, flows, and evolutionary processes in central place systems. The paper ends with suggestions concerning future research directions.


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